SCHEIBEL® Column for Acrylic Acid Extraction

South Korea

An Asian international chemical company came to Koch Modular for the manufacture of a column to be used for the extraction of an organic acid from an aqueous feed stream using toluene as the solvent.

The client was considering different types of extraction columns and wanted Koch Modular’s expertise in choosing and designing the appropriate separations process.

After comprehensive pilot testing at a Koch Modular facility located in Houston, TX and observing nuances unique to the client’s extraction process, Koch Modular provided a SCHEIBEL®column that generates a raffinate with <1.7% acrylic acid from a feed containing 65-70% acrylic acid.

Challenge

The client provided the pilot testing facility with drums of their aqueous feed composed of 65-70% of an organic acid, 2-3% of a carboxylic acid, a small amount of heavy impurities and water. Testing with the toluene spiked with the organic acid using a 3” diameter, 60-stage pilot SCHEIBEL®column revealed that the organic acid extraction process has an unfavorable density gradient for both phases across the column, i.e. the density at the top of the column is greater than at the bottom. Also, due to the high concentration of the acid in the feed, the hydraulic behavior is different at the top of the column where the feed comes in and there is greater mass transfer than the behavior at the bottom of the column where there is very little mass transfer. Although these phenomenon were expected, pilot testing was critical to defining the ideal separation process.

SOLUTION

Koch Modular engineers decided that a SCHEIBEL®column would work best in overcoming the challenges in this organic acid extraction process. To tackle the varying levels of mass transfer taking throughout the extraction column, impeller diameter was varied across the column, with smaller impellers at the top and larger impellers at the bottom where less mass transfer is taking place. The mass transfer performance is further improved by the internal baffling that minimizes any back mixing in the SCHEIBEL®column. However, despite the inner baffling, the tendency to backmix increases as any extraction column is scaled up and the diameter is increased. Consequently, although 60 agitated stages were run in the pilot plant, a 20% contingency was added to the commercial column for a total of 72 stages.

During commercial column start-up, significant buildup of a rag layer at the interface at the bottom of the column was observed. Koch Modular engineers had intentionally placed nozzles around the interface and advised for the client to have a rag layer filtration system since the tendency of the rag layer to form was also observed during pilot testing. The issue was resolved by intermittently withdrawing the rag layer and passing it through a filter to remove interfacial contamination. Returning the recycled liquid to the same location where it was withdrawn would mess up the interface control, so it was instead reintroduced with the toluene feed at the bottom of the column.

RESULTS

Ultimately, the SCHEIBEL®Column supplied by Koch Modular successfully reduced the feed containing 65-70% organic acid to the design target of < 1.7% acid in the raffinate. A system designed to remove rag layer buildup at the interface was also installed. The column has been successfully running with no issues since installation.